华北克拉通新太古代板块俯冲作用:来自山西云中山地区变质高镁火成岩组合的证据   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

王惠初  康健丽  肖志斌  相振群  李建荣  孙义伟  施建荣  张家辉 《岩石学报》2018,34(4):1099-1118

在华北克拉通中部的山西云中山地区,新太古代花岗闪长质片麻岩中存在一些超镁铁质岩-镁铁质岩块及由斜长角闪岩、角闪变粒岩、石英岩和石榴夕线黑云片岩等岩石类型构成的变质表壳岩残片,其中的超镁铁质-镁铁质岩、斜长角闪岩和角闪变粒岩构成一套高镁火成岩组合。超镁铁质岩已变质为橄榄绿泥阳起片岩等岩石类型,呈变余斑状结构,橄榄石斑晶仍有保存;岩石SiO_2含量为39.22%～44.99%,Al_2O_3为8.82%～13.47%,Mg O为19.24%～22.13%,Na_2O+K_2O=0.71%～1.11%,CaO为5.75%～8.42%;Al_2O_3/TiO_2=14.8～17.4,CaO/Al_2O_3=0.60～0.84;化学成分上与科马提岩有一定的相似性。与之紧密伴生的斜长角闪岩也具有高镁特征,Mg O含量为11.28%～15.09%,铝、硅和碱质均偏低,具正铕异常,显示堆晶辉长岩的特征。非高镁斜长角闪岩有相对高的铝、硅和碱质,其原岩应为钙碱性玄武岩。角闪变粒岩样品的SiO_2含量为54.21%～55.71%,Al_2O_3为14.24%～15.49%,Mg O为6.26%～8.28%,Fe OT/Mg O=1.11～1.58,高钠低钾,Na_2O+K_2O=3.7%～4.78%,Na_2O/K_2O=5.15%～13.13,Mg#=53.0～61.5,属于高镁安山岩。由超镁铁质质岩-斜长角闪岩-角闪变粒岩构成的变质高镁火山岩组合具有钙碱性系列趋势。超镁铁质岩稀土元素含量总量较低,具有轻稀土富集和重稀土亏损的稀土型式;斜长角闪岩与超镁铁质岩比较,除富集大离子亲石元素和Cr、Ni明显较低外,具有相似的微量元素图谱形态。三种岩石类型在微量元素蛛网图上均显示出Ta、Nb、Ti负异常和Pb正异常。野外产状和岩石地球化学特征表明超镁铁质岩和高镁斜长角闪岩属于阿拉斯加型杂岩体,角闪变粒岩属于赞岐岩质高镁安山岩。在Zr/Nb-Nb/Th和Nb/Y-Zr/Y构造环境判别图解上显示出与俯冲相关的演化趋势,在Hf-Th-Ta、Nb/La-(La/Sm)N和Th/Yb-Nb/Yb图解上也落在岛弧钙碱性岩石区域。以上特征表明高镁火成岩组合形成于与板块俯冲相关的岛弧构造背景。野外地质关系和锆石U-Pb年龄限定高镁火成岩组合形成时代在～2.5Ga。云中山地区阿拉斯加型镁铁质-超镁铁质杂岩与赞岐岩质高镁安山岩共生,表明该地区存在新太古代的板块俯冲作用,为太古宙存在板块构造机制提供了新证据。  相似文献   

深水稀井区天然气藏储盖组合定量预测方法研究:以琼东南盆地陵水凹陷为例     

刘静静  刘震  孙志鹏  孙晓明 《现代地质》2018,32(4):796

南海北部油气勘探表明天然气是本地区主要的资源类型。与石油相比,天然气藏的形成对盖层要求更为严格,因此开展天然气藏储盖组合研究对油气勘探具有重要意义。通过统计和调研的方法,将砂岩储层孔隙度12%定义为琼东南盆地天然气有效储层评价的下限参数,将泥岩排替压力1 MPa定义为天然气有效泥岩盖层评价的下限参数。利用测井资料开展了单井天然气藏储盖组合窗口定量预测,得出陵水凹陷W22-1井发育单个天然气藏储盖组合窗口。在此基础上,针对稀井或无井区,提出了基于地震反演速度剖面的天然气藏储盖组合定量预测方法,以琼东南盆地陵水凹陷主洼过井测线为例,开展了天然气藏储盖组合窗口地震预测,确定出该凹陷主洼发育单个天然气藏储盖组合窗口,大体上包括陵水组-莺歌海组上部多套地层,拓宽了陵水凹陷天然气勘探层系。这种方法对其它深水区和低勘探新区均有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

华南铝土矿矿床矿物组合特征及指示意义     

姚兰  付勇  潘忠飞  唐波  罗木焕  罗培麒  刘国栋  杨黔闽  刘兵  段明飞 《地质论评》2023,69(6):2161-2178

在全面收集整理前人研究资料的基础上,系统开展华南不同成铝区带的铝土矿矿床床矿物组合对比工作,认为铝土矿矿床含铝岩系的演化序列与矿物组合存在一定耦合关系,不同成因类型的铝土矿矿床(沉积型、堆积型及红土型)和华南不同成铝带(黔中、渝南—黔北、滇中、滇东南—桂西、桂中)中的矿物组合存在明显差异性。沉积型矿物组合复杂,堆积型和红土型矿物组合单一。一水硬铝石是沉积型和堆积型主要铝矿物,时间上分布于石炭纪—第四纪,空间上除桂中成铝带外,黔中、渝南—黔北、滇中、滇东南—桂西成铝带均有分布;三水铝石是红土型主要铝矿物,时空上分布于第四纪桂中成铝带。高岭石时空分布广泛,是含铝岩系中主要的黏土矿物,各成矿时代和成铝带均有分布;赤铁矿分布零散,不稳定,仅在修文—清镇一带稳定存在含铝岩系底部。伊利石、绿泥石、黄铁矿和菱铁矿时空上有明显的差异性。矿物组合差异性与环境变化有密切关系。高岭石和赤铁矿指示陆相沉积环境,伊利石、绿泥石、黄铁矿和菱铁矿指示海陆过渡相沉积环境。因此,笔者等重点用华南不同成铝带和不同时代内含铝岩系中矿物组合差异约束沉积环境和铝土矿矿床成因亚类,对铝土矿矿床沉积环境的深入研究和铝土矿矿床成因亚...  相似文献   

中亚造山带东南部晚古生代-早中生代地壳增生和古亚洲洋演化:来自内蒙古东南部林西-东乌旗地区岩浆岩的证据SCIEI北大核心CSCD     

刘建峰  李锦轶  赵硕  张进  郑荣国  张文龙  吕前露  郑培玺 《岩石学报》2022,(8):2181-2215

本文在系统收集内蒙古林西-东乌旗地区晚古生代-早中生代岩浆岩的年代学、岩石地球化学以及锆石Hf同位素资料基础上,通过分析岩浆岩岩石组合随时空的变化规律,并结合区域地质资料,探讨了中亚造山带东南部洋盆演化和地壳增生等重要地质问题。研究结果表明,二连浩特-贺根山蛇绿岩带南、北两侧晚古生代-早中生代岩浆岩在年代学上显示不同的活动期次,具有不同岩石组合和地球化学特征,指示它们分属于不同的构造岩浆岩带。蛇绿岩带以北晚泥盆世-中二叠世岩浆活动在时间上呈连续分布的特征,并在晚石炭-早二叠世时期达到活动峰值。火成岩构造组合分析表明,晚泥盆世-石炭纪和早-中二叠世岩浆活动分别与二连浩特-贺根山洋盆向乌里雅斯太大陆边缘之下的俯冲和洋盆闭合后俯冲板片断离引起的软流圈上涌造成的区域伸展背景有关。蛇绿岩带以南岩浆活动时间上呈现石炭纪、早-中二叠世、晚二叠世-三叠纪幕式分布特征,各期岩浆活动前锋有随时间向南迁移的趋势。这三期岩浆活动分别与古亚洲洋板片向宝力道岛弧之下的俯冲、板片后撤以及洋盆消失之后古板块的碰撞造山作用有关。锆石Hf同位素分析表明,中亚造山带东南部晚古生代至早中生代时期存在显著的地壳增生;其中二连浩特-贺根山蛇绿岩带以北表现为地壳的垂向增生,以南表现为地壳的侧向增生。  相似文献   

西藏札达盆地腹足类组合及生物地层学   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩建恩  余佳  贺承广  孟庆伟  朱大岗  孟宪刚  邵兆刚  杨朝斌 《地球学报》2012,33(2):153-166

在西藏札达盆地古格组第四岩性段发现大量腹足类化石:Adelinella regularis Yü(规则小隐螺)、Velutinopsis spiralis Yü(旋纹似天鹅绒螺)、Radix zandaensis sp.nov.(札达萝卜螺)、Hip peutis cf.minor(Ping)(微小圆扁卷螺),称为小隐螺-似天鹅绒螺组合。根据这些腹足类化石在西藏西南部的分布特征,认为它们是分布于北喜马拉雅山间断陷盆地的一个腹足类组合,介于西藏犀类化石与杜氏珠蚌-河北珠蚌层之间,时代处于晚上新世-早更新世之间。对比现生种属研究认为,札达盆地腹足类应生活于近岸的浅湖环境。孢粉分析认为化石层形成时为温暖潮湿的森林-草原环境,化石层下部的三趾马生活在温暖而显干旱的灌丛草原环境,可知札达盆地由托林组至古格组,古气候经历了由温暖干旱向温暖潮湿的转变过程。  相似文献   

赣南淘锡坑钨矿床流体包裹体特征及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪群英  路远发  陈郑辉  彭相林  熊险峰 《华南地质与矿产》2012,28(1):35-44

淘锡坑钨矿是赣南一个重要的大型石英脉型钨多金属矿床。矿床主要矿化阶段含矿石英脉中石英和黄玉中的流体包裹体类型有单一水溶液相H2O-NaCl(Ⅰa型)、富液L+V两相H2O-NaCl(Ⅰb型)、两相H2O-NaCl-CO2体系包裹体(Ⅱa型)和三相H2O-NaCl-CO2包裹体(Ⅱb型)。Ⅰb型包裹体均一温度范围为80~370℃,具有多峰态分布特征,可识别出140~190℃,200~250℃和340~360℃几个峰。成矿流体的盐度相对较低,一般<8w(NaCleq)%。用流体包裹体组合的方法获得四组包体的相关参数,结果表明同一包体组合内不同包体的盐度、均一温度及密度基本一致,而不同包体组合中包体的盐度、均一温度及密度则相差较大,显示出不同包体组合所捕获的流体存在较大的差异。Ⅰb型包裹体均一温度分别分布在329~355℃,214~240℃和141~189℃三个温度区间,经压力校正后的捕获温度分别为400~425℃,275~300℃,210~260℃。这些特征表明,淘锡坑钨矿至少存在三期热液流动,其中前两期为成矿期的热液活动,第三期(次生包体)为成矿后的热液活动。根据Ⅱ型包裹体的CO2部分均一温度与最终均一温度计算出成矿流体的捕获压力67.3~97.8 Mpa,平均压力74.8 Mpa,按静岩压力换算成成矿深度为2.59~3.77 km,平均为2.88 km。  相似文献   

Chloritoid–glaucophane schist in the north Qilian orogen, NW China: phase equilibria and P–T path from garnet zonation     

C. J. WEI  S. G. SONG 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2008,26(3):301-316

Chloritoid–glaucophane‐bearing rocks are widespread in the high‐pressure belt of the north Qilian orogen, NW China. They are interbedded and cofacial with felsic schists originated from greywackes, mafic garnet blueschists and low‐T eclogites. Two representative chloritoid–glaucophane‐bearing assemblages are chloritoid + glaucophane + garnet + talc + quartz (sample Q5‐49) and chloritoid + glaucophane + garnet + phengite + epidote + quartz (sample Q5‐12). Garnet in sample Q5‐49 is coarse‐, medium‐ and fine‐grained and shows two types of zonation patterns. In pattern I, X_grs is constant as X_py rises, and in pattern II X_grs decreases as X_py rises. Phase equilibrium modelling in the NC(K)MnFMASH system with Thermocalc 3.25 indicates that pattern I can be formed during progressive metamorphism in lawsonite‐stable assemblages, while pattern II zonation can be formed with further heating after lawsonite has been consumed. Garnet growth in Q5‐49 is consistent with a continuous progressive metamorphic process from ～14.5 kbar at 470 °C to ～22.5 kbar at 560 °C. Garnet in sample Q5‐12 develops with pattern I zonation, which is consistent with a progressive metamorphic process from ～21 kbar at 540 °C to ～23.5 kbar at 580 °C with lawsonite present in the whole garnet growth. The latter sample shows the highest P–T conditions of the reported chloritoid–glaucophane‐bearing assemblages. Phase equilibrium calculation in the NCKFMASH system with a recent mixing model of amphibole indicates that chloritoid + glaucophane paragenesis does not have a low‐pressure limit of 18–19 kbar as previously suggested, but has a much larger pressure range from 7–8 to 27–30 kbar, with the low‐pressure part being within the stability field of albite.  相似文献   

The onset of fish colonization in a coastal defence structure (Chioggia,Northern Adriatic Sea)     

M. Pizzolon  E. Cenci  C. Mazzoldi 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

Coastal defence structures constitute the most extensive hard substrates of the Northwestern Adriatic Sea and are known to sustain rich benthic and nektonic communities. To appreciate the pattern of colonization, we studied the fish assemblage of a recently deployed breakwater. We compared observations from two years, the different sides (landward and seaward) of the barrier, and the two fringes, characterized by timing of work completion. The results indicate that colonization, still in process, follows different patterns among species. Benthic and necto-benthic species presented a striking increase in abundance and richness in the second year of colonization, while more mobile species did not evince any variation between years. Differences in mobility among species suggest that the latter group may have reached the breakwater from nearby artificial substrates, whereas the former colonized the new structure as recruits. In addition, fish assemblages differed between the two sides, likely due to variation in the environmental characteristics, and according to depth, reflecting species preferences.  相似文献   

Coralligenous habitat in the northern Adriatic Sea: an overview     

Sandra Casellato  Antonio Stefanon 《Marine Ecology》2008,29(3):321-341

The rocky outcrops irregularly scattered in the sandy‐muddy sea bed of the Northern Adriatic, formed by a base rock and a superimposed concretion of vegetal and animal organisms, are considered an infralittoral coralligenous habitat, according to the most recent definition. In the last four decades, research has mainly concentrated on their geology because of the question of the origin of the base rock – very similar to beachrock – which has only recently been attributed to sedimentary cementation induced by methane seeps. Studies on their macrobenthic assemblages have also been published recently, but true comparisons among them are difficult because they mostly refer only to a few selected phyla or to short‐term observations. Very few papers deal with the whole of the animal and plant communities, including all taxonomic groups and the most important environmental variables. On the basis of the literature data concerning several outcrops in the Gulf of Venice, we suggest that the Adriatic reefs differ slightly from the classic deeper coralligenous assemblages around the Mediterranean coast because they have smaller concretions of algae builders. We also suggest that the Northern Adriatic coralligenous reefs are younger than the other reefs occurring in the Mediterranean Sea.  相似文献   

Probabilistic aspects of micropaleontologic assemblage zones     

Isamu Hattori 《Mathematical Geology》1985,17(2):167-175

A micropaleontologic assemblage zone is defined by occurrence of some characteristic species among many coeval species. When number of assemblage-defining species and total number of species observed are designated as Aand N,respectively, the ratio, A/N,is strongly dependent on duration of the assemblage. Theoretical consideration on the basis of a micropaleontologic cohort model shows that, when origination rate and extinction rate of species are obtained, the most reasonable ratio (A/N) and duration of the assemblage can be determined. The probabilistic model described in this paper provides a theoretical relation between the ratio and the duration. Inaccuracy in correlating micropaleontologic data to certain assemblage zones established can not be avoided because of many natural sorting and artificial biases. Ambiguity arising when data with a small number of characteristic species are correlated with a certain assemblage is numerically estimated.  相似文献